Make the links clear

1 · Learn

An explanation tells how or why something happens. Order the stages and use words such as because, when and so to show connections. It differs from instructions that tell a reader what to do.

Model: 'When water cools enough, it can freeze. The liquid changes into solid ice. If the ice later warms enough, it melts back into liquid water.' Each sentence develops the process rather than giving commands.

2 · Worked example

'Put water in a tray' is an instruction. 'Water can freeze when it cools enough' explains a change. I choose the form that matches my purpose.

3 · Your turn

Is 'Fold the paper in half' an instruction or an explanation? Rewrite the idea as a statement explaining what folding does.

4 · Apply your learning

Write a short explanation of a familiar safe process. Check the facts with an adult and use paragraphs or headings where helpful.