lesson

The limiting factor can change

1 · Learn

Photosynthesis uses light energy to make organic material from carbon dioxide and water. Its rate can be limited by light, carbon dioxide, temperature or other conditions. Increasing a factor no longer helps once another factor limits the rate.

A plateau on a graph does not mean the process has stopped. It can mean the measured rate has stopped increasing under those conditions.

LightCarbon dioxideTemperatureChanging limiting factor
Key words and supplied examples.

2 · Worked example

If increasing light initially increases rate but later gives a plateau, another factor may have become limiting. The graph alone may not identify which one.

3 · Your turn

Does a non-zero plateau mean photosynthesis has stopped?

Check your answer

No. It means the measured rate remains approximately constant rather than increasing further.

4 · Apply your learning

Use a supplied graph to identify where an increase has an effect and propose a controlled follow-up comparison.

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Use supplied data and approved diagrams. Laboratory work requires qualified supervision, suitable equipment and a risk assessment. No independent chemical, electrical, heating, radiation or biological-culture experiments. Human biology is general education, not personal diagnosis or treatment.

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Check a calculation · Year 5 onward

Use this only when your teacher or adult allows a calculator for the task. Show your thinking first. It does not replace mental or written arithmetic and does not mark your lesson answer.

Powers, roots and trigonometry · Year 7 onward

Use only when the task allows a calculator. Choose one operation at a time and record your working. Trigonometry here always uses degrees (DEG), not radians. Inverse sine, cosine and tangent return an angle, not a reciprocal. Keep exact fractions and π in answers when requested.

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